🧠 Tumours of the Central Nervous System

August 6, 2024

• The prognosis for a brain tumour diagnosis remains poor. - The three most common brain tumours are - meningiomas - Most common brain tumor - Glioma is the most commonly operated brain tumour. - and cerebral metastases.

🏵️ SL Breast Guideline Summary

August 6, 2024

• The triple assessment of clinical examination, imaging, and histopathology remains the cornerstone of the diagnostic work-up in patients suspected to have breast cancer. - Obtain a full history and perform a complete general examination, including an examination of the breasts, axillae, and supraclavicular fossae.

👢 Cauda equina syndrome, Acute foot drop & neurogenic claudication

August 3, 2024

Cauda equina syndrome, Acute foot drop & neurogenic claudication # Cauda equina syndrome # Triad of symptoms - Cauda equina syndrome (CESR) is defined as a triad of symptoms including: bilateral lower limb radicular pain perianal sensory loss insensate urinary retention and subsequent incontinence. Often the first symptom is the radiculopathy. Urogenital symptoms last. Terms Cauda equina syndrome (CESR) Cauda equina in evolution (CESE) = A patient progressing through these symptoms. ...

👹 Radiculopathy

August 3, 2024

Radiculopathy # Introduction # Radiculopathy is a symptom generated by pathology affecting the nerve roots. Peripheral neuropathy is differentiated from radiculopathy by the distribution of the symptoms. Anatomy # The nerve roots ‘radiate’ from the spinal cord = radiculopathy. The root traverses four zones: the central canal (intrathecal); the lateral recess (within the root sleeve); the foramen; and the extraforaminal space . Pathology # Due to both compression and inflammation - ‘chemical neuroradiculitis’. ...